INTRODUCTION 

MOTION STUDY:   Study of an operation, when carried out in terms of individual motion of a worker, is called motion study.

TIME STUDY:   It involves establishing time for basic human motions which are used to build up the time for a job at a defined level of performance. 

In practice it is difficult to separate motion study and time study. While motion study is concerned with the reduction of work content, time study involves reduction of any ineffective time associated with the job.

Thus Time and Motion Study forms an important technique to improve the activities in production. It aims at finding the best and the most efficient way of doing any job, which involves least time and does not cause fatigue to the worker in order to have optimum utilization of the available resources i.e. men, material, money and machinery.

NEED FOR TIME AND MOTION STUDY IN AN INDUSTRY: 

1. It is a mean for raising the productivity of the firm by elimination of unnecessary operations and ineffective time associated with the job.

2. It helps in effective utilization of labor and equipments which minimizes the cost per unit.

3. It brings in economy in human efforts and reduction of unnecessary fatigue.

4. It results in better workplace layout with minimum movement of workers and materials.

5. It is the only systematic procedure oriented technique to establish time standards.

6. It provides a basis for a realistic and fair incentive scheme.

7. It enables comparing efficiency of alternative methods.

8. It is an important tool for line balancing.

9. It provides information on which planning and scheduling of production can be based.

10. It helps in deciding the labor and equipment requirements.

11. It provides information on which estimates of tenders, selling price and delivery promises can be based.

12. It assists in the organization of labor by enabling a daily comparison to be made between actual times and target times.